使用ChaCha20对称密钥(Poly1305模式)加解密(ArkTS)
从API22开始,算法库支持该算法。
对应的算法规格请查看对称密钥加解密算法规格:ChaCha20。
开发步骤
创建对象
调用cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator、SymKeyGenerator.generateSymKey,生成密钥算法为ChaCha20的对称密钥(SymKey)。
如何生成ChaCha20对称密钥,开发者可参考下文示例,并结合对称密钥生成和转换规格:ChaCha20和随机生成对称密钥理解。参考文档与示例可能存在入参差异,请注意区分。
加密
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调用cryptoFramework.createCipher,指定字符串参数'ChaCha20|Poly1305',创建对称密钥类型为ChaCha20、模式为Poly1305的Cipher实例,用于完成加密操作。
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调用Cipher.init,设置模式为加密(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE),指定加密密钥(SymKey)和Poly1305模式对应的加密参数(Poly1305ParamsSpec),初始化加密Cipher实例。
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调用Cipher.update,更新数据(明文)。
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调用Cipher.doFinal,获取加密后的数据。
说明
由于已使用update传入数据,此处data传入null。
doFinal输出结果可能为null,在访问具体数据前,需要先判断结果是否为null,避免产生异常。
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读取Poly1305ParamsSpec.authTag作为解密的认证信息。
在Poly1305模式下,需要从加密后的数据中取出末尾16字节,作为解密时初始化的认证信息。
解密
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调用cryptoFramework.createCipher,指定字符串参数'ChaCha20|Poly1305',创建对称密钥类型为ChaCha20、模式为Poly1305的Cipher实例,用于完成解密操作。
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调用Cipher.init,设置模式为解密(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE),指定解密密钥(SymKey)和Poly1305模式对应的解密参数(Poly1305ParamsSpec),初始化解密Cipher实例。
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调用Cipher.update,更新数据(密文)。
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调用Cipher.doFinal,获取解密后的数据。
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异步方法示例:
import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit'; import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS'; function generateRandom(len: number) { let rand = cryptoFramework.createRandom(); let generateRandSync = rand.generateRandomSync(len); return generateRandSync; } function genPoly1305ParamsSpec() { let ivBlob = generateRandom(12); // 12 bytes let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; // 8 bytes let dataAad = new Uint8Array(arr); let aadBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataAad }; arr = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]; // 16 bytes let dataTag = new Uint8Array(arr); let tagBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataTag }; // Poly1305的authTag在加密时从doFinal结果中获取,在解密时填入init函数的params参数中。 let poly1305ParamsSpec: cryptoFramework.Poly1305ParamsSpec = { iv: ivBlob, aad: aadBlob, authTag: tagBlob, algName: 'Poly1305ParamsSpec' }; return poly1305ParamsSpec; } let poly1305Params = genPoly1305ParamsSpec(); // 加密消息。 async function encryptMessagePromise(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) { let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305'); await cipher.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params); let encryptUpdate = await cipher.update(plainText); // poly1305模式加密doFinal时传入空,获得tag数据,并更新至poly1305Params对象中。 poly1305Params.authTag = await cipher.doFinal(null); return encryptUpdate; } // 解密消息。 async function decryptMessagePromise(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) { let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305'); await decoder.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params); let decryptData = await decoder.update(cipherText); // poly1305模式解密doFinal时传入空,验证init时传入的tag数据,如果验证失败会抛出异常。 let decryptData = await decoder.doFinal(null); if (decryptData === null) { console.info('poly1305 decrypt result: success, decryptData is null.'); } return decryptData; } async function genSymKeyByData(symKeyData: Uint8Array) { let symKeyBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: symKeyData }; let chacha20Generator = cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator('ChaCha20'); let symKey = await chacha20Generator.convertKey(symKeyBlob); console.info('convertKey result: success.'); return symKey; } async function main() { try { let keyData = new Uint8Array([83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159, 83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159]); let symKey = await genSymKeyByData(keyData); let message = 'This is a test'; let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) }; let encryptText = await encryptMessagePromise(symKey, plainText); let decryptText = await decryptMessagePromise(symKey, encryptText); if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) { console.info('decrypt ok.'); console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8')); } else { console.error('decrypt failed.'); } } catch (error) { console.error(`decrypt failed: errCode: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`); } } -
同步方法示例:
import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit'; import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS'; function generateRandom(len: number) { let rand = cryptoFramework.createRandom(); let generateRandSync = rand.generateRandomSync(len); return generateRandSync; } function genPoly1305ParamsSpec() { let ivBlob = generateRandom(12); // 12 bytes let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; // 8 bytes let dataAad = new Uint8Array(arr); let aadBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataAad }; arr = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]; // 16 bytes let dataTag = new Uint8Array(arr); let tagBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataTag }; // Poly1305的authTag在加密时从doFinal结果中获取,在解密时填入init函数的params参数中。 let poly1305ParamsSpec: cryptoFramework.Poly1305ParamsSpec = { iv: ivBlob, aad: aadBlob, authTag: tagBlob, algName: 'Poly1305ParamsSpec' }; return poly1305ParamsSpec; } let poly1305Params = genPoly1305ParamsSpec(); // 加密消息。 function encryptMessage(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) { let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305'); cipher.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params); let encryptUpdate = cipher.updateSync(plainText); // poly1305模式加密doFinal时传入空,获得tag数据,并更新至poly1305Params对象中。 poly1305Params.authTag = cipher.doFinalSync(null); return encryptUpdate; } // 解密消息。 function decryptMessage(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) { let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305'); decoder.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params); let decryptData = decoder.updateSync(cipherText); // poly1305模式解密doFinal时传入空,验证init时传入的tag数据,如果验证失败会抛出异常。 let decryptData = decoder.doFinalSync(null); if (decryptData === null) { console.info('poly1305 decrypt result: success, decryptData is null.'); } return decryptData; } function genSymKeyByData(symKeyData: Uint8Array) { let symKeyBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: symKeyData }; let chacha20Generator = cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator('ChaCha20'); let symKey = chacha20Generator.convertKeySync(symKeyBlob); console.info('convertKeySync result: success.'); return symKey; } function main() { try { let keyData = new Uint8Array([83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159, 83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159]); let symKey = genSymKeyByData(keyData); let message = 'This is a test'; let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) }; let encryptText = encryptMessage(symKey, plainText); let decryptText = decryptMessage(symKey, encryptText); if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) { console.info('decrypt ok.'); console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8')); } else { console.error('decrypt failed.'); } } catch (error) { console.error(`decrypt failed: errCode: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`); } }
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