openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-chacha20-encrypt-decrypt-poly1305

2026-08-25 浏览 (1)

使用ChaCha20对称密钥(Poly1305模式)加解密(ArkTS)

从API22开始,算法库支持该算法。

对应的算法规格请查看对称密钥加解密算法规格:ChaCha20

开发步骤

创建对象

调用cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGeneratorSymKeyGenerator.generateSymKey,生成密钥算法为ChaCha20的对称密钥(SymKey)。

如何生成ChaCha20对称密钥,开发者可参考下文示例,并结合对称密钥生成和转换规格:ChaCha20随机生成对称密钥理解。参考文档与示例可能存在入参差异,请注意区分。

加密

  1. 调用cryptoFramework.createCipher,指定字符串参数'ChaCha20|Poly1305',创建对称密钥类型为ChaCha20、模式为Poly1305的Cipher实例,用于完成加密操作。

  2. 调用Cipher.init,设置模式为加密(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE),指定加密密钥(SymKey)和Poly1305模式对应的加密参数(Poly1305ParamsSpec),初始化加密Cipher实例。

  3. 调用Cipher.update,更新数据(明文)。

  4. 调用Cipher.doFinal,获取加密后的数据。

    说明

    由于已使用update传入数据,此处data传入null。

    doFinal输出结果可能为null,在访问具体数据前,需要先判断结果是否为null,避免产生异常。

  5. 读取Poly1305ParamsSpec.authTag作为解密的认证信息。

    在Poly1305模式下,需要从加密后的数据中取出末尾16字节,作为解密时初始化的认证信息。

解密

  1. 调用cryptoFramework.createCipher,指定字符串参数'ChaCha20|Poly1305',创建对称密钥类型为ChaCha20、模式为Poly1305的Cipher实例,用于完成解密操作。

  2. 调用Cipher.init,设置模式为解密(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE),指定解密密钥(SymKey)和Poly1305模式对应的解密参数(Poly1305ParamsSpec),初始化解密Cipher实例。

  3. 调用Cipher.update,更新数据(密文)。

  4. 调用Cipher.doFinal,获取解密后的数据。

  • 异步方法示例:

    
    import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit';
    import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS';
    
    function generateRandom(len: number) {
      let rand = cryptoFramework.createRandom();
      let generateRandSync = rand.generateRandomSync(len);
      return generateRandSync;
    }
    
    function genPoly1305ParamsSpec() {
      let ivBlob = generateRandom(12); // 12 bytes
      let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; // 8 bytes
      let dataAad = new Uint8Array(arr);
      let aadBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataAad };
      arr = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]; // 16 bytes
      let dataTag = new Uint8Array(arr);
      let tagBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = {
        data: dataTag
      };
      // Poly1305的authTag在加密时从doFinal结果中获取,在解密时填入init函数的params参数中。
      let poly1305ParamsSpec: cryptoFramework.Poly1305ParamsSpec = {
        iv: ivBlob,
        aad: aadBlob,
        authTag: tagBlob,
        algName: 'Poly1305ParamsSpec'
      };
      return poly1305ParamsSpec;
    }
    
    let poly1305Params = genPoly1305ParamsSpec();
    
    // 加密消息。
    async function encryptMessagePromise(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
      let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
      await cipher.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
      let encryptUpdate = await cipher.update(plainText);
      // poly1305模式加密doFinal时传入空,获得tag数据,并更新至poly1305Params对象中。
      poly1305Params.authTag = await cipher.doFinal(null);
      return encryptUpdate;
    }
    // 解密消息。
    async function decryptMessagePromise(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
      let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
      await decoder.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
      let decryptData = await decoder.update(cipherText);
      // poly1305模式解密doFinal时传入空,验证init时传入的tag数据,如果验证失败会抛出异常。
      let decryptData = await decoder.doFinal(null);
      if (decryptData === null) {
        console.info('poly1305 decrypt result: success, decryptData is null.');
      }
      return decryptData;
    }
    async function genSymKeyByData(symKeyData: Uint8Array) {
      let symKeyBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: symKeyData };
      let chacha20Generator = cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator('ChaCha20');
      let symKey = await chacha20Generator.convertKey(symKeyBlob);
      console.info('convertKey result: success.');
      return symKey;
    }
    async function main() {
      try {
        let keyData = new Uint8Array([83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159,
          83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159]);
        let symKey = await genSymKeyByData(keyData);
        let message = 'This is a test';
        let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) };
        let encryptText = await encryptMessagePromise(symKey, plainText);
        let decryptText = await decryptMessagePromise(symKey, encryptText);
        if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) {
          console.info('decrypt ok.');
          console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8'));
        } else {
          console.error('decrypt failed.');
        }
      } catch (error) {
        console.error(`decrypt failed: errCode: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`);
      }
    }
    
  • 同步方法示例:

    
    import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit';
    import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS';
    
    function generateRandom(len: number) {
      let rand = cryptoFramework.createRandom();
      let generateRandSync = rand.generateRandomSync(len);
      return generateRandSync;
    }
    
    function genPoly1305ParamsSpec() {
      let ivBlob = generateRandom(12); // 12 bytes
      let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; // 8 bytes
      let dataAad = new Uint8Array(arr);
      let aadBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataAad };
      arr = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]; // 16 bytes
      let dataTag = new Uint8Array(arr);
      let tagBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = {
        data: dataTag
      };
      // Poly1305的authTag在加密时从doFinal结果中获取,在解密时填入init函数的params参数中。
      let poly1305ParamsSpec: cryptoFramework.Poly1305ParamsSpec = {
        iv: ivBlob,
        aad: aadBlob,
        authTag: tagBlob,
        algName: 'Poly1305ParamsSpec'
      };
      return poly1305ParamsSpec;
    }
    
    let poly1305Params = genPoly1305ParamsSpec();
    
    // 加密消息。
    function encryptMessage(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
      let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
      cipher.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
      let encryptUpdate = cipher.updateSync(plainText);
      // poly1305模式加密doFinal时传入空,获得tag数据,并更新至poly1305Params对象中。
      poly1305Params.authTag = cipher.doFinalSync(null);
      return encryptUpdate;
    }
    // 解密消息。
    function decryptMessage(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
      let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
      decoder.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
      let decryptData = decoder.updateSync(cipherText);
      // poly1305模式解密doFinal时传入空,验证init时传入的tag数据,如果验证失败会抛出异常。
      let decryptData = decoder.doFinalSync(null);
      if (decryptData === null) {
        console.info('poly1305 decrypt result: success, decryptData is null.');
      }
      return decryptData;
    }
    function genSymKeyByData(symKeyData: Uint8Array) {
      let symKeyBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: symKeyData };
      let chacha20Generator = cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator('ChaCha20');
      let symKey = chacha20Generator.convertKeySync(symKeyBlob);
      console.info('convertKeySync result: success.');
      return symKey;
    }
    function main() {
      try {
        let keyData = new Uint8Array([83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159,
          83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159]);
        let symKey = genSymKeyByData(keyData);
        let message = 'This is a test';
        let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) };
        let encryptText = encryptMessage(symKey, plainText);
        let decryptText = decryptMessage(symKey, encryptText);
        if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) {
          console.info('decrypt ok.');
          console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8'));
        } else {
          console.error('decrypt failed.');
        }
      } catch (error) {
        console.error(`decrypt failed: errCode: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`);
      }
    }
    

你可能感兴趣的鸿蒙文章

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-rsa-asym-encrypt-decrypt-pkcs1-ndk

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-key-agreement-using-ecdh

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-aes-sym-encrypt-decrypt-gcm-ndk

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-sm4-sym-encrypt-decrypt-gcm-ndk

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-sm2-sign-sig-verify-pkcs1-ndk

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-rc2-sym-encrypt-decrypt-cbc

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-key-derivation-using-scrypt-ndk

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-sym-encrypt-decrypt-spec

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-rsa-sign-sig-verify-pkcs1-by-segment

openharmony 鸿蒙 crypto-sm4-sym-encrypt-decrypt-cbc

  • 所属分类: 后端技术
  • 本文标签: 鸿蒙 软件
  • 版权声明: 本文链接 https://seaxiang.com/blog/r7mvSz5e