openharmony 鸿蒙 theme_skinning

2025-06-16 浏览 (1)

设置应用内主题换肤

概述

对于采用ArkTS开发的应用,提供了应用内组件的主题换肤功能,支持局部的深浅色切换及动态换肤。目前,该功能只支持设置应用内主题换肤,暂不支持在UIAbility或窗口层面进行主题设置,同时也不支持C-API和Node-API。

自定义主题色

当应用需要使用换肤功能时,应自定义主题颜色。CustomTheme用于自定义主题色的内容,其属性可选,仅需要复写需修改的部分,未修改内容将继承系统默认设置,可参考系统默认的token颜色值。请参照以下示例自定义主题色:

  import { CustomColors, CustomTheme } from '@kit.ArkUI';

  export class AppColors implements CustomColors {
    //自定义主题色
    brand: ResourceColor = '#FF75D9';
  }

  export class AppTheme implements CustomTheme {
    public colors: AppColors = new AppColors();
  }
  
  export let gAppTheme: CustomTheme = new AppTheme();

设置应用内组件自定义主题色

  • 可以在页面入口处统一设置应用内组件自定义主题色,但需确保在页面build前执行ThemeControl。 其中,onWillApplyTheme回调函数用于使自定义组件获取当前生效的Theme对象。

      import { Theme, ThemeControl } from '@kit.ArkUI';
      import { gAppTheme } from './AppTheme';
      
      //在页面build前执行ThemeControl
      ThemeControl.setDefaultTheme(gAppTheme);
    
      @Entry
      @Component
      struct DisplayPage {
        @State menuItemColor: ResourceColor = $r('sys.color.background_primary');
        
        onWillApplyTheme(theme: Theme) {
          this.menuItemColor = theme.colors.backgroundPrimary;
        }
      
        build() {
          Column() {
            List({ space: 10 }) {
              ListItem() {
                Column({ space: '5vp' }) {
                  Text('Color mode')
                    .margin({ top: '5vp', left: '14fp' })
                    .width('100%')
                  Row() {
                    Column() {
                      Text('Light')
                        .fontSize('16fp')
                        .textAlign(TextAlign.Start)
                        .alignSelf(ItemAlign.Center)
                      Radio({ group: 'light or dark', value: 'light' })
                        .checked(true)
                    }
                    .width('50%')
    
                    Column() {
                      Text('Dark')
                        .fontSize('16fp')
                        .textAlign(TextAlign.Start)
                        .alignSelf(ItemAlign.Center)
                      Radio({ group: 'light or dark', value: 'dark' })
                    }
                    .width('50%')
                  }
                }
                .width('100%')
                .height('90vp')
                .borderRadius('10vp')
                .backgroundColor(this.menuItemColor)
              }
    
              ListItem() {
                Column() {
                  Text('Brightness')
                    .width('100%')
                    .margin({ top: '5vp', left: '14fp' })
                  Slider({ value: 40, max: 100 })
                }
                .width('100%')
                .height('70vp')
                .borderRadius('10vp')
                .backgroundColor(this.menuItemColor)
              }
    
              ListItem() {
                Column() {
                  Row() {
                    Column({ space: '5vp' }) {
                      Text('Touch sensitivity')
                        .fontSize('16fp')
                        .textAlign(TextAlign.Start)
                        .width('100%')
                      Text('Increase the touch sensitivity of your screen' +
                        ' for use with screen protectors')
                        .fontSize('12fp')
                        .fontColor(Color.Blue)
                        .textAlign(TextAlign.Start)
                        .width('100%')
                    }
                    .alignSelf(ItemAlign.Center)
                    .margin({ left: '14fp' })
                    .width('75%')
      
                    Toggle({ type: ToggleType.Switch, isOn: true })
                      .margin({ right: '14fp' })
                      .alignSelf(ItemAlign.Center)
                  }
                  .width('100%')
                  .height('80vp')
                }
                .width('100%')
                .borderRadius('10vp')
                .backgroundColor(this.menuItemColor)
              }
            }
          }
          .padding('10vp')
          .backgroundColor('#dcdcdc')
          .width('100%')
          .height('100%')
        }
      }
    
  • 在UIAbility中设置ThemeControl,需要在onWindowStageCreate()方法中setDefaultTheme,设置应用内组件的自定义主题色。

      import {AbilityConstant, UIAbility, Want } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
      import { hilog } from '@kit.PerformanceAnalysisKit';
      import { window, CustomColors, ThemeControl } from '@kit.ArkUI';
    
      class AppColors implements CustomColors {
        fontPrimary = 0xFFD53032;
        iconOnPrimary = 0xFFD53032;
        iconFourth = 0xFFD53032;
      }
      
      const abilityThemeColors = new AppColors();
      
      export default class EntryAbility extends UIAbility {
        onCreate(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam) {
          hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onCreate');
        }
      
        onDestroy() {
          hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onDestroy');
        }
      
        onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage) {
          // Main window is created, set main page for this ability
          hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onWindowStageCreate');
        
          windowStage.loadContent('pages/Index', (err, data) => {
            if (err.code) {
              hilog.error(0x0000, 'testTag', 'Failed to load the content. Cause: %{public}s', JSON.stringify(err) ?? '');
              return;
            }
            hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', 'Succeeded in loading the content. Data: %{public}s', JSON.stringify(data) ?? '');
            // 在onWindowStageCreate()方法中setDefaultTheme
            ThemeControl.setDefaultTheme({ colors: abilityThemeColors });
            hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'ThemeControl.setDefaultTheme done');
          });
        }
      
      }
    

systemTheme

说明:

如果setDefaultTheme的参数为undefined时,默认token值对应的色值参考系统缺省token色值

设置应用局部页面自定义主题风格

通过设置WithTheme,将自定义主题Theme的配色应用于内部组件的默认样式。在WithTheme的作用范围内,组件的配色会根据Theme的配色进行调整。

如示例所示,使用WithTheme({ theme: this.myTheme })可将作用域内组件的配色设置为自定义主题风格。后续可以通过更新this.myTheme来更换主题风格。onWillApplyTheme回调函数用于使自定义组件能够获取当前生效的Theme对象。

  import { CustomColors, CustomTheme, Theme } from '@kit.ArkUI';

  class AppColors implements CustomColors {
    fontPrimary: ResourceColor = $r('app.color.brand_purple');
    backgroundEmphasize: ResourceColor = $r('app.color.brand_purple');
  }
  
  class AppColorsSec implements CustomColors {
    fontPrimary: ResourceColor = $r('app.color.brand');
    backgroundEmphasize: ResourceColor = $r('app.color.brand');
  }
  
  class AppTheme implements CustomTheme {
    public colors: AppColors = new AppColors();
  }
  
  class AppThemeSec implements CustomTheme {
    public colors: AppColors = new AppColorsSec();
  }
  
  @Entry
  @Component
  struct DisplayPage {
    @State customTheme: CustomTheme = new AppTheme();
    @State message: string = '设置应用局部页面自定义主题风格';
    count = 0;
  
    build() {
      WithTheme({ theme: this.customTheme }) {
        Row(){
          Column() {
            Text('WithTheme')
              .fontSize(30)
              .margin({bottom: 10})
            Text(this.message)
              .margin({bottom: 10})
            Button('change theme').onClick(() => {
              this.count++;
              if (this.count > 1) {
                this.count = 0;
              }
              switch (this.count) {
                case 0:
                  this.customTheme = new AppTheme();
                  break;
                case 1:
                  this.customTheme = new AppThemeSec();
                  break;
              }
            })
          }
          .width('100%')
        }
        .height('100%')
        .width('100%')
      }
    }
  }

customTheme

设置应用页面局部深浅色

通过WithTheme可以设置三种颜色模式,跟随系统模式,浅色模式和深色模式。

在WithTheme的作用范围内,组件的样式资源值会根据指定的模式,读取对应的深浅色模式系统和应用资源值。这意味着,在WithTheme作用范围内,组件的配色会根据所指定的深浅模式进行调整。

如下面的示例所示,通过WithTheme({ colorMode: ThemeColorMode.DARK }),可以将作用范围内的组件设置为深色模式。

设置局部深浅色时,需要添加dark.json资源文件,深浅色模式才会生效。

resources_dark

dark.json数据示例:

  {
    "color": [
      {
        "name": "start_window_background",
        "value": "#FFFFFF"
      }
    ]
  }
  @Entry
  @Component
  struct DisplayPage {
    @State message: string = 'Hello World';
    @State colorMode: ThemeColorMode = ThemeColorMode.DARK;

    build() {
      WithTheme({ colorMode: this.colorMode }) {
        Row() {
          Column() {
            Text(this.message)
              .fontSize(50)
              .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
            Button('Switch ColorMode').onClick(() => {
              if (this.colorMode === ThemeColorMode.LIGHT) {
                this.colorMode = ThemeColorMode.DARK;
              } else if (this.colorMode === ThemeColorMode.DARK) {
                this.colorMode = ThemeColorMode.LIGHT;
              }
            })
          }
          .width('100%')
        }
        .backgroundColor($r('sys.color.background_primary'))
        .height('100%')
        .expandSafeArea([SafeAreaType.SYSTEM], [SafeAreaEdge.TOP, SafeAreaEdge.END, SafeAreaEdge.BOTTOM, SafeAreaEdge.START])
      }
    }
  }

lightDarkMode

系统缺省token色值

Token场景类别LightDark
theme.colors.brand品牌色#ff0a59f7#ff317af7
theme.colors.warning一级警示色#ffe84026#ffd94838
theme.colors.alert二级警示色#ffed6f21#ffdb6b42
theme.colors.confirm确认色#ff64bb5c#ff5ba854
theme.colors.fontPrimary一级文本#e5000000#e5ffffff
theme.colors.fontSecondary二级文本#99000000#99ffffff
theme.colors.fontTertiary三级文本#66000000#66ffffff
theme.colors.fontFourth四级文本#33000000#33ffffff
theme.colors.fontEmphasize高亮文本#ff0a59f7#ff317af7
theme.colors.fontOnPrimary一级文本反色#ffffffff#ff000000
theme.colors.fontOnSecondary二级文本反色#99ffffff#99000000
theme.colors.fontOnTertiary三级文本反色#66ffffff#66000000
theme.colors.fontOnFourth四级文本反色#33ffffff#33000000
theme.colors.iconPrimary一级图标#e5000000#e5ffffff
theme.colors.iconSecondary二级图标#99000000#99ffffff
theme.colors.iconTertiary三级图标#66000000#66ffffff
theme.colors.iconFourth四级图标#33000000#33ffffff
theme.colors.iconEmphasize高亮图标#ff0a59f7#ff317af7
theme.colors.iconSubEmphasize高亮辅助图标#660a59f7#66317af7
theme.colors.iconOnPrimary一级图标反色#ffffffff#ff000000
theme.colors.iconOnSecondary二级图标反色#99ffffff#99000000
theme.colors.iconOnTertiary三级图标反色#66ffffff#66000000
theme.colors.iconOnFourth四级图标反色#33ffffff#33000000
theme.colors.backgroundPrimary一级背景(实色/不透明色)#ffffffff#ffe5e5e5
theme.colors.backgroundSecondary二级背景(实色/不透明色)#fff1f3f5#ff191a1c
theme.colors.backgroundTertiary三级背景(实色/不透明色)#ffe5e5ea#ff202224
theme.colors.backgroundFourth四级背景(实色/不透明色)#ffd1d1d6#ff2e3033
theme.colors.backgroundEmphasize高亮背景(实色/不透明色)#ff0a59f7#ff317af7
theme.colors.compForegroundPrimary前背景#ff000000#ffe5e5e5
theme.colors.compBackgroundPrimary白色背景#ffffffff#ffffffff
theme.colors.compBackgroundPrimaryTran白色透明背景#ffffffff#33ffffff
theme.colors.compBackgroundPrimaryContrary常亮背景#ffffffff#ffe5e5e5
theme.colors.compBackgroundGray灰色背景#fff1f3f5#ffe5e5ea
theme.colors.compBackgroundSecondary二级背景#19000000#19ffffff
theme.colors.compBackgroundTertiary三级背景#0c000000#0cffffff
theme.colors.compBackgroundEmphasize高亮背景#ff0a59f7#ff317af7
theme.colors.compBackgroundNeutral黑色中性高亮背景#ff000000#ffffffff
theme.colors.compEmphasizeSecondary20%高亮背景#330a59f7#33317af7
theme.colors.compEmphasizeTertiary10%高亮背景#190a59f7#19317af7
theme.colors.compDivider分割线颜色#33000000#33ffffff
theme.colors.compCommonContrary通用反色#ffffffff#ff000000
theme.colors.compBackgroundFocus获焦态背景色#fff1f3f5#ff000000
theme.colors.compFocusedPrimary获焦态一级反色#e5000000#e5ffffff
theme.colors.compFocusedSecondary获焦态二级反色#99000000#99ffffff
theme.colors.compFocusedTertiary获焦态三级反色#66000000#66ffffff
theme.colors.interactiveHover通用悬停交互式颜色#0c000000#0cffffff
theme.colors.interactivePressed通用按压交互式颜色#19000000#19ffffff
theme.colors.interactiveFocus通用获焦交互式颜色#ff0a59f7#ff317af7
theme.colors.interactiveActive通用激活交互式颜色#ff0a59f7#ff317af7
theme.colors.interactiveSelect通用选择交互式颜色#33000000#33ffffff
theme.colors.interactiveClick通用点击交互式颜色#19000000#19ffffff

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