harmony 鸿蒙ServiceExtensionAbility开发指导

2022-12-13
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ServiceExtensionAbility开发指导

场景介绍

ExtensionAbility，是Stage模型中新增的扩展组件的基类，一般用于处理无界面的任务，生命周期较简单，没有前后台生命周期。ServiceExtensionAbility是ExtensionAbility的扩展类。

开发者可以自定义类继承ServiceExtensionAbility，通过重写基类中相关生命周期方法，来做初始化、连接中、断开连接时相关业务逻辑操作。

接口说明

约束与限制

OpenHarmony当前不支持三方应用创建ServiceExtensionAbility。

开发步骤

需要在应用配置文件module.json5中进行注册，注册类型type需要设置为service。module.json5配置样例如下所示：

    "extensionAbilities":[{
        "name": "ServiceExtAbility",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "description": "service",
        "type": "service",
        "exported": true,
        "srcEntry": "./ets/ServiceExtAbility/ServiceExtAbility.ts"
    }]

开发者在定义Service的目录下创建TS文件，自定义类继承ServiceExtensionAbility，重写基类回调函数，接口生成的默认相对路径：entry\src\main\ets\ServiceExtAbility\ServiceExtAbility.ts，示例如下：

import ServiceExtensionAbility from '@ohos.app.ability.ServiceExtensionAbility';
import rpc from '@ohos.rpc';


class StubTest extends rpc.RemoteObject {
    constructor(des) {
        super(des);
    }
    onRemoteRequest(code, data, reply, option) {
    }
}


class ServiceExtAbility extends ServiceExtensionAbility {
    onCreate(want) {
        console.log('onCreate, want:' + want.abilityName);
    }
    onRequest(want, startId) {
        console.log('onRequest, want:' + want.abilityName);
    }
    onConnect(want) {
        console.log('onConnect , want:' + want.abilityName);
        return new StubTest("test");
    }
    onDisconnect(want) {
        console.log('onDisconnect, want:' + want.abilityName);
    }
    onDestroy() {
        console.log('onDestroy');
    }
}