harmony 鸿蒙连接ServiceAbility

2022-12-13
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连接ServiceAbility

如果ServiceAbility需要与PageAbility或其他应用的ServiceAbility进行交互，则须创建用于连接的Connection。ServiceAbility支持其他Ability通过connectAbility()方法与其进行连接。PageAbility的connectAbility方法定义在featureAbility中，ServiceAbility的connectAbility方法定义在particleAbility中。连接ServiceAbility的规则详见组件启动规则章节。在使用connectAbility()处理回调时，需要传入目标Service的Want与IAbilityConnection的实例。IAbilityConnection提供了以下方法供开发者实现。

表1 IAbilityConnection接口说明

接口名	描述
onConnect()	用于处理连接Service成功的回调。
onDisconnect()	用来处理Service异常死亡的回调。
onFailed()	用来处理连接Service失败的回调。

PageAbility创建连接本地ServiceAbility回调实例的代码以及连接本地ServiceAbility的示例代码如下：

import rpc from "@ohos.rpc"
import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'
import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'
import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common';
import Want from '@ohos.app.ability.Want';

let option: common.ConnectOptions = {
  onConnect: (element, proxy) => {
    console.info(`onConnectLocalService onConnectDone`)
    if (proxy === null) {
      promptAction.showToast({
        message: "Connect service failed"
      })
      return
    }
    let data = rpc.MessageParcel.create()
    let reply = rpc.MessageParcel.create()
    let option = new rpc.MessageOption()
    data.writeInterfaceToken("connect.test.token")
    proxy.sendRequest(0, data, reply, option)
    promptAction.showToast({
      message: "Connect service success"
    })
  },
  onDisconnect: (element) => {
    console.info(`onConnectLocalService onDisconnectDone element:${element}`)
    promptAction.showToast({
      message: "Disconnect service success"
    })
  },
  onFailed: (code) => {
    console.info(`onConnectLocalService onFailed errCode:${code}`)
    promptAction.showToast({
      message: "Connect local service onFailed"
    })
  }
};

let request: Want = {
  bundleName: "com.example.myapplication",
  abilityName: "com.example.myapplication.ServiceAbility",
}
let connId = featureAbility.connectAbility(request, option)

同时，Service侧也需要在onConnect()时返回IRemoteObject，从而定义与Service进行通信的接口。onConnect()需要返回一个IRemoteObject对象。OpenHarmony提供了IRemoteObject的默认实现，开发者可以通过继承rpc.RemoteObject来创建自定义的实现类。

Service侧把自身的实例返回给调用侧的示例代码如下：

import rpc from "@ohos.rpc"

class FirstServiceAbilityStub extends rpc.RemoteObject {
  constructor(des: Object) {
    if (typeof des === 'string') {
      super(des)
    } else {
      return
    }
  }

  onRemoteRequest(code: number, data: rpc.MessageParcel, reply: rpc.MessageParcel, option: rpc.MessageOption) {
    console.info(`onRemoteRequest called`)
    if (code === 1) {
      let string = data.readString()
      console.info(`string=${string}`)
      let result = Array.from(string).sort().join('')
      console.info(`result=${result}`)
      reply.writeString(result)
    } else {
      console.info(`unknown request code`)
    }
    return true
  }
}